Exenatide elicits sustained glycaemic control and progressive reduction of body weight in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled by sulphonylureas with or without metformin

Abstract

Background: In two placebo-controlled 30-week trials, treatment with exenatide reduced HbA(1c) and body weight in patients with type 2 diabetes in the context of sulphonylurea (SU) or SU plus metformin (MET) as background treatment. This analysis examines the effects of 82 weeks of exenatide treatment for participants in these earlier 30-week trials.

Methods: Data were pooled from the two pivotal trials of exenatide added to SU or SU plus MET. Both 30-week, placebo-controlled trials of 5 microg or 10 microg exenatide b.i.d. were followed by 52-week open-label, uncontrolled extension studies in which all participants received 10 microg exenatide b.i.d. and continued prior oral therapies. This interim analysis includes data for 222 patients who completed 82 weeks of exenatide treatment (61% M, age 57 +/- 10 y, weight 99 +/- 21 kg, BMI 34 +/- 6 kg/m(2), HbA(1c)8.4 +/- 1.0% [mean +/- SD]).

Results: Reduction in HbA(1c) from baseline to week 30 (-0.8 +/- 0.1% and -1.0 +/- 0.1% for 5 microg b.i.d. and 10 microg b.i.d., respectively [mean +/- SE]) was sustained up to week 82 (-1.0 +/- 0.1%). Of 207 patients with baseline HbA(1c) > 7%, 44% achieved HbA(1c) < or = 7% at week 82. Reduction of body weight from baseline to week 30 (-1.4 +/- 0.3 kg and -2.1 +/- 0.3 kg for 5 microg b.i.d. and 10 microg b.i.d., respectively) was progressive up to week 82 (-4.0 +/- 0.3 kg). The most frequent adverse events were nausea and hypoglycaemia, both generally mild to moderate in intensity.

Conclusions: Exenatide added to maximally effective doses of SU or SU plus MET resulted in a sustained reduction in HbA(1c) and a progressive reduction in weight over 1 1/2 years.