Serum N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide as a prognostic parameter in patients with pulmonary hypertension

Chest. 2006 May;129(5):1313-21. doi: 10.1378/chest.129.5.1313.

Abstract

Study objectives: Baseline prognostic assessment in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) may help in the selection of treatment. High plasma levels of natriuretic peptide type B have been reported in patients with right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and suggest poor prognosis in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). We prospectively assessed the correlation of N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) with echocardiographic and hemodynamic indexes of RV function as well as with baseline functional status and long-term survival of PH patients.

Patients and design: Fifty-five consecutive patients with a mean (+/- SD) age of 41 +/- 15 years and severe PH (including 36 patients with IPAH) were followed up for up to 36 months. Serum samples for NT-proBNP were secured, and 6-min walk test (6 MWT), RV catheterization, and echocardiography were all performed on the same day, before the introduction of targeted treatment.

Results: The median baseline serum NT-proBNP concentration was 1,674 pg/mL (range, 51 to 10,951 pg/mL). NT-proBNP concentration correlated with 6MWT distance (r = 0.6; p < 0.001), cardiac index, pulmonary vascular resistance, and right atrial pressure (RAP), but not with pulmonary arterial pressure. NT-proBNP levels were also related to the ratio of the diastolic area of the RV and the LV, and to pericardial effusion during echocardiography. Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified > or = 1,400 pg/mL as the best NT-proBNP threshold predicting fatal outcome for the entire study group as well as for IPAH patients (sensitivity, 88% and 100%, respectively; specificity, 53% and 56%, respectively). In multivariate analysis, NT-proBNP, troponin T, and RAP were identified as independent factors for poor prognosis for the entire study group, while only NT-proBNP and RAP were identified as markers for poor prognosis in the IPAH subgroup.

Conclusions: NT-proBNP level is related to the right heart morphology and dysfunction in PH patients. A serum NT-proBNP level of > or = 1,400 pg/mL was found to be useful in identifying patients with poor long-term prognosis both in the whole studied group and in the IPAH subgroup.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Cardiac Catheterization
  • Echocardiography
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary / blood*
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary / complications
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary / physiopathology
  • Immunoassay
  • Male
  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / blood*
  • Peptide Fragments / blood*
  • Prognosis
  • Protein Precursors / blood
  • Pulmonary Wedge Pressure
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / blood
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / diagnostic imaging
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / etiology
  • Ventricular Pressure

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Protein Precursors
  • pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76)
  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain