Whereas naturopathic physicians have either "licensure" or state-mandated "registration" in 13 US states and four Canadian provinces, naturopaths in Australia have thus far failed to obtain "statutory registration" in any political jurisdiction, despite the fact that chiropractors and osteopaths have done so in all Australian states and territories, and acupuncturists and Traditional Chinese Medicine practitioners have done so in the state of Victoria. Ironically, naturopathy and various other complementary medical systems are taught in many public tertiary institutions. This essay presents an overview of the development and the current socio-political status of naturopathy in Australia and its redefinition in some contexts as "natural therapies" and "natural medicine" or even as the major component of complementary medicine. It also examines reasons why the Australian state has come to express an interest in naturopathy along with other complementary medical systems.