The N-terminal fragment of GRP94 is sufficient for peptide presentation via professional antigen-presenting cells

Int Immunol. 2006 Jul;18(7):1147-57. doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxl049. Epub 2006 Jun 13.

Abstract

The chaperone glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94) has long been used to augment peptide presentation to T cells. This chaperone binds antigenic peptides, binds to receptors on professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), activates these cells and after internalization, transfers the peptides to MHC class I for activation of T cells. Here we show that all these activities reside within amino acids 1-355 of GRP94. This small fragment is sufficient to bind peptides, to bind and be taken up by the receptors CD91 and scavenger receptor type A on either dendritic cells or macrophages. The minimal construct can augment peptide presentation in culture and induce antigen-specific CTL in naive mice only because it loads APCs with the relevant peptide. Thus, the sequence 1-355 is the immunologically sufficient module of GRP94 and we propose that this 'mini-chaperone' can be used in immunotherapy of tumors and vaccine development.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antigen Presentation / immunology*
  • Antigens, CD / immunology
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Dendritic Cells / cytology
  • Dendritic Cells / immunology*
  • Heat-Shock Proteins / immunology
  • Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology*
  • Macrophages / cytology
  • Macrophages / immunology
  • Membrane Glycoproteins / immunology*
  • Mice
  • Neoplasms / immunology
  • Neoplasms / therapy
  • Peptides / immunology*
  • Receptors, LDL
  • Scavenger Receptors, Class A / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes / cytology
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins
  • Vaccines / immunology

Substances

  • Antigens, CD
  • Heat-Shock Proteins
  • Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1
  • Lrp1 protein, mouse
  • Membrane Glycoproteins
  • Peptides
  • Receptors, LDL
  • Scavenger Receptors, Class A
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins
  • Vaccines
  • endoplasmin