Interim analysis of the effects of exenatide treatment on A1C, weight and cardiovascular risk factors over 82 weeks in 314 overweight patients with type 2 diabetes

Diabetes Obes Metab. 2006 Jul;8(4):436-47. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2006.00602.x.

Abstract

Aim: Exenatide, an incretin mimetic for the adjunct treatment of type 2 diabetes (DM2), reduced A1C and weight in 30-week placebo-controlled trials. This analysis examined the effects of exenatide on glycaemic control and weight over an 82-week period in patients with DM2 unable to achieve adequate glycaemic control with sulphonylurea (SU) and/or metformin (MET).

Methods: This interim analysis is of 314 patients who received exenatide in the 30-week placebo-controlled trials and subsequently in 52 weeks of open-label uncontrolled extension studies for 82 weeks of exenatide in total. Patients continued their SU and/or MET regimens throughout.

Results: Patients completed 82 weeks of exenatide treatment [n = 314, 63% M, age 56 +/- 10 years, weight 99 +/- 21 kg, body mass index 34 +/- 6 kg/m2, A1C 8.3 +/- 1.0% (mean +/- SD)]. Reduction in A1C from baseline to week 30 [-0.9 +/- 0.1% (mean +/- SE)] was sustained to week 82 (-1.1 +/- 0.1%), with 48% of patients achieving A1C < or = 7% at week 82. At week 30, exenatide reduced body weight (a secondary endpoint) from baseline (-2.1 +/- 0.2 kg), with progressive reduction at week 82 (-4.4 +/- 0.3 kg). Similar results were observed for the intent-to-treat population (n = 551), with reductions in A1C and weight at week 82 of -0.8 +/- 0.1% and -3.5 +/- 0.2 kg respectively. The 82-week completer cohort showed statistically significant improvement in some cardiovascular risk factors. The most frequent adverse events were generally mild-to-moderate nausea and hypoglycaemia.

Conclusion: In summary, 82 weeks of adjunctive exenatide treatment in patients with DM2 treated with SU and/or MET resulted in sustained reduction in A1C and progressive reduction in weight, as well as improvement in some cardiovascular risk factors.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism
  • Blood Pressure
  • Body Weight / drug effects*
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / etiology
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / physiopathology
  • Diabetic Angiopathies / blood
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Exenatide
  • Female
  • Glycated Hemoglobin / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / adverse effects
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Lipids / blood
  • Male
  • Metformin / therapeutic use
  • Middle Aged
  • Overweight
  • Peptides / adverse effects
  • Peptides / therapeutic use*
  • Risk Factors
  • Sulfonylurea Compounds / therapeutic use
  • Venoms / adverse effects
  • Venoms / therapeutic use*
  • Weight Loss / drug effects

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Glycated Hemoglobin A
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Lipids
  • Peptides
  • Sulfonylurea Compounds
  • Venoms
  • Metformin
  • Exenatide