Lichen biomonitoring of ammonia emission and nitrogen deposition around a pig stockfarm

Environ Pollut. 2007 Mar;146(2):311-6. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.029. Epub 2006 Jun 13.

Abstract

Effects of high ammonia emissions and nitrogen deposition were investigated on lichens around a pig stockfarm (ca. 7,000 animals) in central Italy. Four sites were selected along a transect at 200, 400, 1000 and 2500 m from the stockfarm, the diversity of epiphytic lichens was measured and transplanted thalli of Xanthoria parietina and Flavoparmelia caperata exposed, together with passive NH3 (diffusion tubes) samplers. Ammonia dramatically decreased from the centre of the stockfarm to the sampled sites, where it was correlated with bark pH. Total lichen diversity was not associated with either NH3 concentrations or bark pH, but the diversity of strictly nitrophytic species was highly correlated with both parameters. Physconia grisea was the best indicator species for NH3 pollution. Total N accumulated in X. parietina and F. caperata was correlated with NH3 concentrations.

MeSH terms

  • Agriculture*
  • Air Pollutants / analysis*
  • Ammonia / analysis*
  • Animals
  • Biodiversity
  • Environmental Monitoring / methods*
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Italy
  • Lichens / chemistry
  • Lichens / physiology*
  • Nitrogen / analysis*
  • Plant Bark / physiology*
  • Quercus / physiology
  • Swine

Substances

  • Air Pollutants
  • Ammonia
  • Nitrogen