Abstract
The Maillard reaction is a complex series of reactions that involve reducing-sugars and proteins, giving a multitude of end-products that are known as advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). AGEs can contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetes and neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. AGEs also play a major role in vascular stiffening, atherosclerosis, osteoarthritis, inflammatory arthritis and cataracts. Thus, AGE inhibitors and AGE breakers offer a potential strategy as therapeutics for diverse diseases. Various AGE inhibitors have been developed in recent years, and their underlying mechanism is based on the attenuation of glycoxidation and/or oxidative stress by the sequestration of metal ions, reactive 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds, and reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species.
MeSH terms
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Aging / metabolism*
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Animals
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy*
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / metabolism
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Glycation End Products, Advanced / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Glycation End Products, Advanced / metabolism
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Guanidines / pharmacology
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Guanidines / therapeutic use
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Humans
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Hypoglycemic Agents / pharmacology*
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Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use
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Maillard Reaction / drug effects*
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Metformin / pharmacology
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Metformin / therapeutic use
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Neurodegenerative Diseases / drug therapy*
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Neurodegenerative Diseases / metabolism
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Neuroprotective Agents / pharmacology*
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Neuroprotective Agents / therapeutic use
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Oxidative Stress / drug effects
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Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
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Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products
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Receptors, Immunologic / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Receptors, Immunologic / metabolism
Substances
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Glycation End Products, Advanced
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Guanidines
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Hypoglycemic Agents
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Neuroprotective Agents
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Reactive Oxygen Species
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Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products
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Receptors, Immunologic
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Metformin
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pimagedine