The fast technical development in molecular biology and the increasing knowledge of the human genome has had a major impact on forensic medicine. Genetic characterization of individuals at the DNA level enables identity testing from a minimal amount of biological specimen in cases of sexual assault, homicide, and unknown human remains. Also paternity testing is changing from level of gene products to the genomic level. This article addresses some of the advantages of DNA testing over the conventional forensic serology, and the DNA techniques currently used in forensic science.