Reactivity of substituted benzotrichlorides toward granular iron, Cr(II), and an iron(II) porphyrin: A correlation analysis

Environ Sci Technol. 2006 Jul 1;40(13):4253-60. doi: 10.1021/es051737x.

Abstract

Cross-correlations of rate constants between a system of interest and a better-defined one have become popular as a tool in studying transformations of organic pollutants. A slope of unity (if the correlation is conducted on a log-log basis) in such plots has been invoked as evidence of a common mechanism. To explore this notion, benzotrichloride and several of its substituted analogues were reacted with Cr(H2O)6(2+), an iron(II) porphyrin (iron meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphine chloride, Fe(II)TCP), and granular iron. The first two reductants react with organohalides by dissociative inner sphere single-electron transfer, while mechanism(s) for organohalide reduction by granular iron are still debated. Apartfrom sterically hindered compounds, good correlations were obtained in comparing any two systems, although slopes (on a log-log basis) deviated from unity. We argue that a slope of unity is neither necessary nor sufficient evidence of a common mechanism. Overall rate constants may be composite entities, consisting in part of rate or equilibrium constants for adsorption onto surfaces or for precursor formation in solution; these components may differ between systems in their susceptibility to substituent effects. Cross-correlations may prove useful in predicting reactivity in the absence of steric effects, but additional evidence is required in deducing reaction mechanisms.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Chromium / chemistry*
  • Iron / chemistry*
  • Kinetics
  • Metalloporphyrins / chemistry*
  • Models, Chemical
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Regression Analysis
  • Toluene / analogs & derivatives*
  • Toluene / chemistry

Substances

  • Metalloporphyrins
  • iron meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl)porphine chloride
  • Chromium
  • Toluene
  • Iron
  • benzotrichloride