Effects of 8-2 fluorotelomer alcohol on fatty acid composition of lipid in the liver of rats were investigated. Feeding of male rats with a diet that contained 8-2 fluorotelomer alcohol at concentrations of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8% (w/w) for 14 d caused a significant increase in proportion and content of oleic acid (18 : 1 (n-9)) in the liver. The treatment of rats with 8-2 fluorotelomer alcohol increased activities of palmitoyl-CoA chain elongase (PCE) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) and mRNA expressions for rat fatty acid elongase 2 (rELO2) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), but neither rat fatty acid elongase 1 (rELO1) or stearoyl-CoA desaturase 2 (SCD2), in the liver in dose-dependent manners. Multiple regression analyses, which were performed to estimate relative contribution of PCE and SCD for determination of the proportion or the content of 18 : 1 (n-9), revealed that the three parameters were significantly correlated and that standardized partial regression coefficient of PCE was higher than that of SCD. These results suggest that 8-2 fluorotelomer alcohol caused considerable changes in the composition and the content of fatty acid, especially 18 : 1 (n-9), in the liver by inducing PCE and SCD, and that PCE plays a crucial role in the increased proportion of 18 : 1 (n-9) in the liver of the rats given fluorotelomer alcohol.