The role of CD28 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) in regulatory T-cell biology

Immunol Rev. 2006 Aug:212:131-48. doi: 10.1111/j.0105-2896.2006.00419.x.

Abstract

The profound influence of CD28 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) on T-cell immunity has been known for over a decade, yet the precise roles played by these molecules still continue to emerge. Initially viewed as molecules that provide cell-intrinsic costimulatory and inhibitory signals, recent evidence suggests that both CD28 and CTLA-4 are also important in the homeostasis and function of a population of suppressive cells, termed regulatory T cells (Tregs). Here we review the main features of the CD28 and CTLA-4 system and examine how these impact upon Treg biology.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antigens, CD
  • Antigens, Differentiation / genetics
  • Antigens, Differentiation / metabolism*
  • CD28 Antigens / metabolism*
  • CTLA-4 Antigen
  • Cell Adhesion / immunology
  • Cell Movement / immunology
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Ligands
  • Lymphocyte Activation
  • T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / immunology*
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta / metabolism

Substances

  • Antigens, CD
  • Antigens, Differentiation
  • CD28 Antigens
  • CTLA-4 Antigen
  • CTLA4 protein, human
  • FOXP3 protein, human
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors
  • Ligands
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta