A novel role for phagocytosis-like uptake in herpes simplex virus entry

J Cell Biol. 2006 Sep 25;174(7):1009-21. doi: 10.1083/jcb.200509155.

Abstract

It is becoming increasingly clear that herpesviruses can exploit the endocytic pathway to infect cells, yet several important features of this process remain poorly defined. Using herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) as a model, we demonstrate that endocytosis of the virions mimic many features of phagocytosis. During entry, HSV-1 virions associated with plasma membrane protrusions followed by a phagocytosis-like uptake involving rearrangement of actin cytoskeleton and trafficking of the virions in large phagosome-like vesicles. RhoA GTPase was activated during this process and the mode of entry was cell type-specific. Clathrin-coated vesicles had no detectable role in virion trafficking as Eps15 dominant-negative mutants failed to affect HSV-1 uptake. Binding and fusion of the virion envelope with the phagosomal membrane is likely facilitated by clustering of nectin-1 (or HVEM) in phagosomes, which was observed in infected cells. Collectively, our data suggests a novel mode of uptake by which the virus can infect both professional and nonprofessional phagocytes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Actins / physiology
  • Animals
  • CHO Cells
  • Cell Membrane Structures / chemistry
  • Cell Membrane Structures / ultrastructure
  • Cell Membrane Structures / virology
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Clathrin-Coated Vesicles / chemistry
  • Cornea / cytology
  • Cornea / virology
  • Cricetinae
  • Fibroblasts / ultrastructure
  • Fibroblasts / virology
  • Herpesvirus 1, Human / physiology*
  • Herpesvirus 1, Human / ultrastructure
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Models, Biological
  • Phagocytosis*
  • Receptor Aggregation
  • Receptors, Virus / physiology*
  • Signal Transduction
  • rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / physiology

Substances

  • Actins
  • Receptors, Virus
  • rhoA GTP-Binding Protein