Early use of PbS nanotechnology for an ancient hair dyeing formula

Nano Lett. 2006 Oct;6(10):2215-9. doi: 10.1021/nl061493u.

Abstract

Lead-based chemistry was initiated in ancient Egypt for cosmetic preparation more than 4000 years ago. Here, we study a hair-dyeing recipe using lead salts described in text since Greco-Roman times. We report direct evidence about the shape and distribution of PbS nanocrystals that form within the hair during blackening. It is remarkable that the composition and supramolecular organization of keratins can control PbS nanocrystal growth inside a hair.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Archaeology / methods
  • Crystallization / methods
  • Egypt
  • Hair / chemistry*
  • Hair Dyes / analysis*
  • Hair Dyes / chemistry*
  • Humans
  • Keratins / chemistry*
  • Lead / chemistry*
  • Nanostructures / chemistry*
  • Nanostructures / ultrastructure
  • Nanotechnology / methods*
  • Particle Size
  • Sulfides / chemistry*

Substances

  • Hair Dyes
  • Sulfides
  • lead sulfide
  • Lead
  • Keratins