The complex moral and ethical debate surrounding the definition of the origins of human life, together with conflicting current and proposed legislation on state and federal levels, is hindering the course of research into the therapeutic uses of human embryonic stem cells. However, newly identified sources of adult stem cells, free from many of the ethical and legal concerns attached to embryonic stem cell research, may offer great promise for the advancement of medicine. These alternative sources may alleviate the need to resolve the stem cell debate before further therapeutic benefits of stem cell research can be realized. While legislation and ethics evolve to address the legal and moral issues of embryonic stem cell research, innovative researchers will continue to search for and find real and present solutions for cell-based therapies using adult stem cells.