Cdc2 tyrosine phosphorylation is not required for the S-phase DNA damage checkpoint in fission yeast

Cell Cycle. 2006 Nov 1;5(21):2495-500. doi: 10.4161/cc.5.21.3423. Epub 2006 Sep 19.

Abstract

The S-phase DNA damage checkpoint slows replication when damage occurs during S phase. Cdc25, which activates Cdc2 by dephosphorylating tyrosine-15, has been shown to be a downstream target of the checkpoint in metazoans, but its role is not clear in fission yeast. The dephosphorylation of Cdc2 has been assumed not to play a role in S-phase regulation because cells replicate in the absence of Cdc25, demonstrating that tyrosine-15 phosphorylated dc2 is sufficient for S phase. However, it has been reported recently that Cdc25 is involved in the slowing of S phase in response to damage in fission yeast, suggesting a modulatory role for Cdc2 dephosphorylation in S phase. We have investigated the role of Cdc25 and the tyrosine phosphorylation of Cdc2 in the S-phase damage checkpoint, and our results show that Cdc2 phosphorylation is not a target of the checkpoint. The checkpoint was not compromised in a Cdc25 overexpressing strain, a strain carrying nonphosphorylatable form of Cdc2, or in a strain lacking Cdc25. Our results are consistent with a strictly Cdc2-Y15 phosphorylation-independent mechanism of the fission yeast S-phase DNA damage checkpoint.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • CDC2 Protein Kinase / chemistry*
  • CDC2 Protein Kinase / physiology*
  • Cell Cycle
  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • Cell Nucleus / metabolism
  • DNA Damage*
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal*
  • Genotype
  • Phosphorylation
  • S Phase*
  • Schizosaccharomyces / genetics*
  • Schizosaccharomyces / physiology*
  • Time Factors
  • Tyrosine / chemistry*

Substances

  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • Tyrosine
  • CDC2 Protein Kinase