Structure of the catalytic domain of human protein kinase C beta II complexed with a bisindolylmaleimide inhibitor

Biochemistry. 2006 Nov 28;45(47):13970-81. doi: 10.1021/bi061128h.

Abstract

The conventional protein kinase C isoform, PKCII, is a signaling kinase activated during the hyperglycemic state and has been associated with the development of microvascular abnormalities associated with diabetes. PKCII, therefore, has been identified as a therapeutic target where inhibitors of its kinase activity are being pursued for treatment of microvascular-related diabetic complications. In this report, we describe the crystal structure of the catalytic domain of PKCbetaII complexed with an inhibitor at 2.6 A resolution. The kinase domain of PKCbetaII was cleaved and purified from full-length PKCbetaII expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells. The overall kinase domain structure follows the classical bilobal fold and is in its fully activated conformation with three well-defined phosphorylated residues: Thr-500, Thr-641, and Ser-660. Different from the crystal structures of nonconventional PKC isoforms, the C-terminus of the PKCbetaII catalytic domain is almost fully ordered and features a novel alpha helix in the turn motif. An ATP-competitive inhibitor, 2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl-BIM-1, was crystallized with the PKCbetaII catalytic domain as a dimer of two enzyme-inhibitor complexes. The bound inhibitor adopts a nonplanar conformation in the ATP-binding site, with the kinase domain taking on an intermediate, open conformation. This PKCbetaII-inhibitor complex represents the first structural description of any conventional PKC kinase domain. Given the pathogenic role of PKCbetaII in the development of diabetic complications, this structure can serve as a template for the rational design of inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Catalytic Domain
  • Humans
  • Indoles / pharmacology*
  • Kinetics
  • Maleimides / pharmacology*
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Conformation
  • Protein Kinase C / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Protein Kinase C / chemistry*
  • Protein Kinase C beta
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Recombinant Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Recombinant Proteins / chemistry
  • Sequence Homology, Amino Acid

Substances

  • Indoles
  • Maleimides
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Protein Kinase C
  • Protein Kinase C beta
  • bisindolylmaleimide

Associated data

  • PDB/2I0E