The magnitude and distribution of infectious intestinal disease in Malta: a population-based study

Epidemiol Infect. 2007 Nov;135(8):1282-9. doi: 10.1017/S0950268806007795. Epub 2007 Jan 15.

Abstract

Routine sources of information on infectious intestinal disease (IID) capture a fraction of the actual disease burden. Population studies are required to measure the burden of illness. A retrospective age-stratified cross-sectional telephone study was carried out in Malta in order to estimate the magnitude and distribution of IID at population level. A random sample of 3504 persons was interviewed by a structured questionnaire between April 2004 and December 2005. The response rate was 99.7%. From the study, the observed standardized monthly prevalence was 3.18% (95% CI 0.7-5.74) with 0.421 (95% CI 0.092-0.771) episodes of IID per person per year. The monthly prevalence was higher in the <5 years age group and in females aged 31-44 years. The mean duration of illness was 6.8 days and a median duration of 3 days. A bimodal seasonal distribution was observed with peaks in June-July and October-November.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Communicable Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Interviews as Topic
  • Intestinal Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Male
  • Malta / epidemiology
  • Middle Aged
  • Prevalence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Seasons
  • Sex Factors