We investigated the pathology and the involvement of type II phospholipase A2 (type II PLA2), inflammatory cytokines, nitrite/nitrate (NOx), and endotoxin in generalized peritonitis. All of the factors except endotoxin were higher in the non-surviving group, the shock group, and the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) group than in the surviving group, the shock-free group, and the MODS-free group, respectively. Significant differences were not found in endotoxin or other factors at sites of gastrointestinal (GI) perforation. These findings suggest that inflammatory cytokines, type II PLA2, and NO are highly involved in the evolution of the pathology of generalized peritonitis.