The study of resilience, defined here as the ability to recover from a prior illness or the capacity to remain well in the face of extraordinary genetic or environmental risk factors, is the focus of this article. We believe that to study resilience in the domain of developmental psychopathology it is necessary to use genetically informative strategies. Extending this argument to the study of resilience (eg, why some kids recover) is the focus of last part this article and our research strategies in the next decade.