During the past 5 years, extended cholecystectomy and/or more radical procedures, including pancreatoduodenectomy and extended hepatic lobectomy, were performed on 48 patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder in an attempt to cure the disease. It was retrospectively proven from microscopic analysis of the surgical specimens taken from the 48 patients that 28 patients had received curative resections. The 28 consisted of all 4 patients with stage I carcinoma, all 9 with stage II, 6 of 8 with stage III, and 9 of 27 with stage IV. We reached the following conclusions: (1) extended cholecystectomy with resection of the bile duct in the hepatoduodenal ligament is the optimum procedure for patients with stage I and stage II carcinomas, and (2) for patients with stage III carcinoma, more radical procedures, including pancreatoduodenectomy and/or wider resection of the liver, might result in curative resection of the disease. For some patients with stage IV tumors, such as duodenal invasion or direct invasion of the liver, curative resection may be achieved by pancreatoduodenectomy or extended hepatic lobectomy.