Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of lower calyx calculi: how much is treatment outcome influenced by the anatomy of the collecting system?

Eur Urol. 2007 Aug;52(2):539-46. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2007.03.058. Epub 2007 Mar 28.

Abstract

Objectives: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) of lower calyx stones has been criticized because of the high incidence of residual fragments. Controversial results have been reported regarding the stone-free rate after ESWL depending on the influence of the collecting system anatomy on stone clearance. Therefore we evaluated our stone-free rate after ESWL of lower calyx stones and searched for correlations to various anatomic parameters of the collecting system.

Methods: Ninety-six patients with isolated lower calyx stones treated exclusively with ESWL (Dornier HM3) were evaluated 3 mo postoperatively. The results were correlated with the following anatomic parameters of the collecting system as determined from the pretreatment intravenous urography: (1) lower infundibulum width, (2) lower infundibulum length, (3) infundibulopelvic angle, (4) volume of the collecting system. Follow-ups were performed 24 h after ESWL with an abdominal plain film and 3 mo postoperatively with a urography or abdominal plain X-ray together with renal ultrasound.

Results: Three months postoperatively, 68% of all patients were stone free, including 69% of the patients with stones initially < or =1 cm, and 67% of the patients with stones >1 cm. Stone-free patients compared with patients having residual fragments had no significant differences in infundibulum width, infundibulum length, infundibulopelvic angle, or collecting system volume.

Conclusions: A stone-free rate 3 mo after ESWL of 68% overall justifies ESWL as a possible treatment option for lower calyx stones. Influence of the collecting system anatomy on disintegrate clearance from the lower calyx could not be demonstrated.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Child
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kidney Calculi / pathology
  • Kidney Calculi / therapy*
  • Kidney Calices / anatomy & histology*
  • Lithotripsy / methods*
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Statistics, Nonparametric
  • Treatment Outcome