The authors studied the influence of 3-oxypyridine derivates (emoxypine and mexidol) on the degree of depressive symptoms in patients with diabetes mellitus; the data were matched with the dynamics of blood lipoperoxidation. The study found that administration of emoxypine (150 mg every day) or mexidol (300 mg a day) during 14 days lowered the level of circulating lipoperoxidation products and diminished manifestations of depression, which was accompanied by improvement in cognitive functions and quality of life; the degree of the changes was similar. These clinical effects of 3-oxypyridine derivates were independent of the dynamics of glycemia and lipidemia.