Changes in the use of intrauterine devices (IUDs) for contraception in China in the past 10 years are reviewed. Replacement of the inert stainless steel ring with copper-bearing IUDs was an essential decision to improve the efficacy of the IUDs. The most commonly used, TCu380A, TCu220C and MLCu375, and those developed in China, such as the uterine-shaped UCu300 IUD and gamma Cu380 IUD, are reviewed. Studies of MLCu375 and TCu380A for emergency contraception revealed a highly effective method, which could prevent over 96% of unwanted pregnancies. Use of levonorgestrel-releasing system provides both contraceptive and therapeutic effects in the treatment of menorrhagia.