Background: Calcium sulfate is a simple, biocompatible material with a very long, safe clinical history in several different fields of medicine. It is a rapidly resorbing material that leaves behind calcium phosphate lattice, which promotes bone regeneration.
Objective: The aim of this study was a histological and ultrastructural evaluation of the tissues in a peri-implant site regenerated with calcium sulfate.
Materials and methods: The specimens were processed for observation under light and transmission electron microscopes.
Results: In light microscopy, trabecular bone was present. No remnants of calcium sulfate were present. Transmission electron microscopy showed, in the areas of the interface with the implant surface, features of mature bone with many osteocytes. An amorphous layer and/or osteoid seam separated this mature bone from the metal surface.
Conclusion: The results confirm the high biocompatibility and rapid resorption of calcium sulfate.