Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) or N-terminal pro-BNP (N-BNP) now appears to be the best independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality over and above the conventional ones like blood pressure. This may be because a high BNP/N-BNP is identifying any form of asymptomatic cardiac target organ damage (TOD) [especially silent ischaemia, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), left atrial dilatation/atrial fibrillation (LAD/AF) and LV systolic dysfunction (LVSD)]. There are strong hints that BNP/N-BNP will also identify those who are going to develop LVH, LAD/AF, and LVSD in a few years' time. Thus, the prospects are good that BNP/N-BNP could be used to identify 'pancardiac' TOD, even when it is silent and that this information could be 'harnessed' to improve primary prevention. BNP/N-BNP could become to the heart what microalbuminuria is to the kidneys, i.e. an indicator of early, silent TOD.