Bacteriochlorophyllide c C-8(2) and C-12(1) methyltransferases are essential for adaptation to low light in Chlorobaculum tepidum

J Bacteriol. 2007 Sep;189(17):6176-84. doi: 10.1128/JB.00519-07. Epub 2007 Jun 22.

Abstract

Bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) c is the major photosynthetic pigment in the green sulfur bacterium Chlorobaculum tepidum, in which it forms protein-independent aggregates that function in light harvesting. BChls c, d, and e are found only in chlorosome-producing bacteria and are unique among chlorophylls because of methylations that occur at the C-8(2) and C-12(1) carbons. Two genes required for these methylation reactions were identified and designated bchQ (CT1777) and bchR (CT1320). BchQ and BchR are members of the radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) protein superfamily; each has sequence motifs to ligate a [4Fe-4S] cluster, and we propose that they catalyze the methyl group transfers. bchQ, bchR, and bchQ bchR mutants of C. tepidum were constructed and characterized. The bchQ mutant produced BChl c that was not methylated at C-8(2), the bchR mutant produced BChl c that was not methylated at C-12(1), and the double mutant produced [8-ethyl, 12-methyl]-BChl c that lacked methylation at both the C-8(2) and C-12(1) positions. Compared to the wild type, the Qy absorption bands for BChl c in the mutant cells were narrower and blue shifted to various extents. All three mutants grew slower and had a lower cellular BChl c content than the wild type, an effect that was especially pronounced at low light intensities. These observations show that the C-8(2) and C-12(1) methylations of BChl c play important roles in the adaptation of C. tepidum to low light intensity. The data additionally suggest that these methylations also directly or indirectly affect the regulation of the BChl c biosynthetic pathway.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adaptation, Physiological*
  • Bacterial Proteins / chemistry
  • Bacterial Proteins / metabolism*
  • Bacteriochlorophylls / chemistry
  • Bacteriochlorophylls / metabolism*
  • Chlorobi / enzymology*
  • Chlorobi / genetics
  • Chlorobi / growth & development
  • Chlorobi / physiology*
  • Chlorophyllides / metabolism*
  • Cytoplasm / chemistry
  • Gene Deletion
  • Methyltransferases / genetics
  • Methyltransferases / metabolism*
  • Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
  • Mutagenesis, Insertional
  • Organelles / ultrastructure
  • Spectrum Analysis

Substances

  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Bacteriochlorophylls
  • Chlorophyllides
  • bacteriochlorophyll c
  • Methyltransferases