Diabetes and systemic hypertension are among the most prevalent diseases in developed countries. Since both can produce retinal involvement, they often cause long waiting lists for ophthalmologist consultation. The inspection of digital eye fundus images by a general practitioner would help to divert only those cases with retinal involvement. To evaluate this possibility we studied the agreement between the assessment of digital fundus images made by a general practitioner and an ophthalmologist. A total of 776 fundus images of 194 patients were inspected by both observers looking for retinal lesions consistent with diabetic or hypertensive retinopathy. Contingency tables were made, and the agreement between both observers was assessed by using the kappa index. We found good agreement between the findings reported by the general practitioner and those reported by the ophthalmologist (kappa = 0.80 for patients with only diabetes, 1.00 for patients with only hypertension, and 0.79 for patients with both diseases). Our results suggest that the inspection of digital retinal images by a general practitioner could reduce the number of referred patients for specialist consultation.