Significant advances in cardiac surgery include hypothermic circulatory arrest for complex aortic surgery, stentless valve for aortic valvulopathies, conservative treatment of the insufficient aortic valve, surgical interruption of the electrical circuits involved in atrial fibrillation and new extra-corporeal circuits (SMA) to decrease inflammatory systemic reactions, and for, the same reason, heart beating coronary surgery. Advances in vascular surgery include aortic endoprosthesis, coeliscopic aortic surgery and less invasive superficial veins surgery.