A 55-year-old man was admitted to hospital because of an abnormal shadow on his chest X-ray film. On examination, the patient appeared healthy. CT scan, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography showed evidence of a tumor. At operation, a tumor was found originating from the left recurrent nerve, and it was removed together with the vagus nerve. The patient had a favorable postoperative course except for hoarseness, and was discharged on the 31st postoperative day. Mediastinal neurinoma originating from the recurrent nerve is rare, and only 20 cases have been reported in Japan.