NMR images of subintimal lipid deposits within the vessel walls of atherosclerotic human aortas were obtained at 37 and 27 degrees C at 4.7 T. A combination of a stimulated-echo and pulsed-field gradients was used for suppressing the mobile tissue water relative to the less mobile tissue lipids. At 27 degrees C there was also a substantial reduction of the subintimal lipid signal intensity, which is consistent with the characteristic phase transition of cholesteryl esters in human atheroma. These results represent the first direct detection of lipid deposits in nonprotruding atherosclerotic lesions with NMR imaging.