Cigarette prices, smoking, and the poor: implications of recent trends

Am J Public Health. 2007 Oct;97(10):1873-7. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2006.090134. Epub 2007 Aug 29.

Abstract

Objective: We examined the relationship between smoking participation and cigarette pack price by income group and time period to determine role of cigarette prices in income-related disparities in smoking in the United States.

Methods: We used data from the 1984-2004 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys linked to information on cigarette prices to examine the adjusted prevalence of smoking participation and smoking participation-cigarette pack price elasticity (change in percentage of persons smoking relative to a 1% change in cigarette price) by income group (lowest income quartile [lower] vs all other quartiles [higher]) and time period (before vs after the Master Settlement Agreement [MSA]).

Results: Increased real cigarette-pack price over time was associated with a marked decline in smoking among higher-income but not among lower-income persons. Although the pre-MSA association between cigarette pack price and smoking revealed a larger elasticity in the lower- versus higher-income persons (-0.45 vs -0.22), the post-MSA association was not statistically significant (P>.2) for either income group.

Conclusions: Despite cigarette price increases after the MSA, income-related smoking disparities have increased. Increasing cigarette prices may no longer be an effective policy tool and may impose a disproportionate burden on poor smokers.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Population Surveillance / methods*
  • Poverty*
  • Smoking / economics
  • Smoking / epidemiology*
  • Smoking / trends
  • Taxes / economics
  • Taxes / trends
  • Time Factors
  • United States / epidemiology