Nutlin-3 inhibits the NFkappaB pathway in a p53-dependent manner: implications in lung cancer therapy

Cell Cycle. 2007 Sep 1;6(17):2178-85. doi: 10.4161/cc.6.17.4643. Epub 2007 Jun 27.

Abstract

Nutlins were identified as the first potent and specific small molecule Mdm2 antagonists that inhibit the p53-Mdm2 interaction. We show in this study that Nutlin-3 can downregulate TNFalpha induced activation of the NFkappaB reporter in lung cancer cells. Activation of p53 dependent transcription is not compromised when Nutlin-3 is combined with TNFalpha. Instead, this combination treatment decreases cell viability in a p53 dependent manner. We show that Nutlin-3 strikingly inhibits the protein expression of NFkappaB target genes ICAM-1 and MCP-1 while other targets like Bcl-xL and FLIP are not affected, thereby suggesting that the inhibition is promoter specific. This inhibition of ICAM-1 and MCP-1 by Nutlin-3 is again dependent on the p53 status in cells. Furthermore, we show that Nutlin-3 strongly inhibits protein expression of ICAM-1 and MCP-1 induced by IL1, another NFkappaB activating stimuli. Nutlin-3 does not inhibit Akt phosphorylation, IkappaB alpha phosphorylation, IkappaB alpha degradation, p65 modification or p65 DNA binding in the cell lines tested. This study suggests the potential of Nutlin-3 as a bitargeted anti-cancer drug by simultaneously causing p53 activation and NFkappaB suppression. It also suggests that Nutlin-3 could be evaluated for treatment of lung cancer as a single agent or in combination therapy by targeting its effect on ICAM-1 and MCP-1 which are known to be critical for cancer cell invasion, thereby downregulating tumor formation and metastasis. This study also suggests biomarkers of response for evaluation of Nutlin-3 in the clinic.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Chemokine CCL2 / genetics
  • DNA / metabolism
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Synergism
  • Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
  • Genes, Reporter
  • Humans
  • I-kappa B Proteins / metabolism
  • Imidazoles / pharmacology*
  • Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / genetics
  • Interleukin-1 / pharmacology
  • Lung Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Lung Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Mice
  • NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha
  • NF-kappa B / metabolism*
  • Phosphorylation / drug effects
  • Piperazines / pharmacology*
  • Protein Binding / drug effects
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational / drug effects
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism
  • Time Factors
  • Transcription Factor RelA / metabolism
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / pharmacology
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism*

Substances

  • CCL2 protein, human
  • Chemokine CCL2
  • I-kappa B Proteins
  • Imidazoles
  • Interleukin-1
  • NF-kappa B
  • NFKBIA protein, human
  • Nfkbia protein, mouse
  • Piperazines
  • Transcription Factor RelA
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
  • NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha
  • nutlin 3
  • DNA
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt