Although a safe procedure, hemodialysis (HD) can cause numerous complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of complications during dialysis, interdialytic weight gain, and the predialysis and postdialysis blood pressure in HD patients with and without variable sodium. Patients were observed during 12 HD sessions and those presenting with recurrent hypotension were selected for a step-wise model of variable sodium profiling. A total of 53 patients were evaluated; the mean-SD age was 53.7+/-16.3 years and 22 (41.5%) were male. Of these, 18 (34.0%) were selected to receive variable sodium profiling: the mean (SD) age was 59.9+/-12.6 years, and 10 (55.6%) were female. A significant decline in the occurrence of cramps (p<0.027), in the mean interdialytic weight gain (p<0.009), and a tendency to reduce the number of hypotensive episodes were detected in patients using variable sodium profiling. On the other hand, predialysis systolic blood pressure presented a significant increase (p<0.048). Using variable sodium, there was a statistically significant reduction in cramps and in the mean interdialytic weight gain. There was a significant increase in predialysis systolic pressure. Regarding hypotension episodes, only a tendency toward a reduction in the frequency of hypotension episodes could be detected.