Abstract
After a bite by the aglyphous red-necked keelback snake Rhabdophis subminiatus a complete defibrinogenation syndrome with severe hemorrhagic diathesis developed in a 25-year-old man. In vitro studies showed that the venom gland extract of the snake contains a very active prothrombin (Factor II) activator. The thrombin generated is inhibited neither by antithrombin III nor the antithrombin-III-heparin complex. The venom gland extract stimulated also the tissue plasminogen activator; however, it did not cause direct activation of plasminogen, protein C, Factor X or direct degradation of fibrinogen.
MeSH terms
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Adult
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Animals
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Antithrombin III / pharmacology
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Blood Coagulation / drug effects
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Blood Coagulation Tests
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Exocrine Glands / physiology*
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Factor X / physiology
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Fibrinogen / metabolism
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Hemorrhage / chemically induced
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Hemorrhage / physiopathology
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Hemostasis / drug effects*
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Heparin / pharmacology
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Humans
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Male
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Plasminogen / physiology
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Plasminogen Activators / physiology
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Protein C / metabolism
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Snake Bites / physiopathology
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Snakes / physiology*
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Tissue Extracts / pharmacology*
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Tissue Plasminogen Activator / metabolism
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Venoms / chemistry*
Substances
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Protein C
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Tissue Extracts
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Venoms
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Antithrombin III
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Factor X
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Fibrinogen
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Plasminogen
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Heparin
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Plasminogen Activators
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Tissue Plasminogen Activator