Huntington's disease: progress and potential in the field

Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2007 Dec;16(12):1933-53. doi: 10.1517/13543784.16.12.1933.

Abstract

While the first description of Huntington's disease was reported over a century ago, no therapy exists that can halt or ameliorate the inexorable disease progression. Tremendous progress, however, has been made in significantly broadening the understanding of pathogenic mechanisms in this neurological disorder that may eventually lead to successful treatment strategies. Huntington's disease is caused by the expansion of a CAG repeat in the huntingtin gene, which results in the expression of a mutant form of the protein that is toxic to neurons. Several mechanisms have been identified in mediating this toxicity, such as protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, transcriptional dysregulation, aberrant apoptosis, altered proteosomal function and excitotoxicity. With increasing understanding of each of these pathogenic mechanisms, therapeutic strategies have attempted to target specific aspects of each. There have been many encouraging reports of preclinical efficacy in transgenic Huntington's disease mice, from which a number have been extended to human clinical trials with some success. This review focuses on these studies and the compounds that hold promise for treating human Huntington's disease.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Death / drug effects
  • Cell Death / physiology
  • Clinical Trials as Topic
  • Drug Delivery Systems / trends
  • Drugs, Investigational / chemistry
  • Drugs, Investigational / pharmacology
  • Drugs, Investigational / therapeutic use*
  • Humans
  • Huntington Disease / drug therapy*
  • Huntington Disease / metabolism
  • Huntington Disease / pathology

Substances

  • Drugs, Investigational