Objective: Quantification of changes in the levels of the above hormones, i.e. cortisol, adrenalin, noradrenalin and dopamine depending on the presence of depressive symptoms and other psychopathological symptoms.
Sample: 259 randomly selected individuals from the population of the city of Pilsen.
Method: Zung self-assessment scale and SCL-90 questionnaire were used to assess depressiveness and other psychopathologies. Serum cortisol levels were measured, as well as the levels ofcortisol and catecholamine (adrenalin, noradrenalin and dopamine) in a 24-hour urine sample. The studied sample was divided, by an arbitrarily defined limit, into a group with a higher and a group with a lower excretion of the monitored hormones.
Results: The group with cortisol excretion higher than 300 nmol/24 h had a significantly higher score in terms of the SCL-90 questionnaire interpersonal sensitiveness, depression, anxiety, phobia, paranoidism and psychoticism as compared with the group with cortisol excretion below 300 nmol/24 h (p < 0.05). The group with cortisol excretion above 300 nmol/24 h had also a significantly higher score on Zung's self-assessment depression scale as compared with the group with cortisol excretion below 300 nmol/24 h (p < 0.05). Division of the sample according to the score on Zung's self-assessment depression scale (SDS index > or = 50) has shown that women with a record of depressive symptoms had a statistically significant higher of urinary cortisol excretion in 24 hours (average 219.40 as compared with 191.64 nmol/24 h, respectively, p = 0.02). The group of men with depressive symptoms according to the score obtained on Zung self-assessment scale only showed a trend towards higher urinary noradrenalin excretion in 24 hours (average of 69.77 as compared with 63.84 microg/24 h, p = 0.17).
Conclusion: As shown by the above results, there is a link between 24-hour urinary cortisol excretion levels and the monitored parameters of psychic condition.