Abstract
The central importance of tumour neovascularization has been emphasized by clinical trials using antiangiogenic therapy in breast cancer. This review gives a background to breast tumour neovascularization in in situ and invasive breast cancer, outlines the mechanisms by which this is achieved and discusses the influence of the microenvironment, focusing on hypoxia. The regulation of angiogenesis and the antivascular agents that are used in an antiangiogenic dosing schedule, both novel and conventional, are also summarized.
MeSH terms
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Angiogenesis Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
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Angiogenic Proteins / metabolism
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Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use
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Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
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Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
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Bevacizumab
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Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism*
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Breast Neoplasms / blood supply*
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Breast Neoplasms / drug therapy*
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Breast Neoplasms / metabolism
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Cell Hypoxia
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Female
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Humans
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Neovascularization, Pathologic / drug therapy
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Neovascularization, Pathologic / physiopathology*
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Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / antagonists & inhibitors
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Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / metabolism
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / antagonists & inhibitors
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / drug effects
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / metabolism
Substances
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Angiogenesis Inhibitors
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Angiogenic Proteins
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Antibodies, Monoclonal
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Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
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Antineoplastic Agents
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Biomarkers, Tumor
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
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Bevacizumab
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Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor