Preventing hypoxia/reoxygenation damage to hepatocytes by p66(shc) ablation: up-regulation of anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic proteins

J Hepatol. 2008 Mar;48(3):422-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2007.11.018. Epub 2007 Dec 31.

Abstract

Background/aims: Ischemia/reperfusion damage to the liver remains a serious concern in many clinical situations. Major mechanisms for this certainly include oxidative stress.

Methods: The effects of ablating the p66 isoform of ShcA (p66(shc)) on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced oxidative stress and cell injury in hepatocytes were investigated.

Results: Immediately after reoxygenation, AML12 cells were clearly under oxidative stress; many cells underwent apoptosis. However, knockdown of p66(shc) by specific RNAi markedly decreased cellular oxidative stress and H/R-induced apoptosis, as well as conferring resistance to H(2)O(2) insult. These data suggest that prevention of apoptosis conferred by ablation of p66(shc) results from changed ROS-scavenging, but not inhibition of ROS generation. These data were also confirmed in fibroblasts from p66(shc) knockout mice. Anti-oxidant molecules, such as MnSOD and Ref-1 and the anti-apoptotic molecule Bcl-xL were up-regulated, and pro-apoptotic FLICE was down-regulated, by ablation of p66(shc). Interestingly, catalase expression was not affected in p66(shc)-knockdown-AML12 cells although it is a major target in other cell types.

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that in hepatocytes, ablation of p66(shc) is cytoprotective against H/R-induced oxidative stress, with MnSOD and Ref-1 playing critical roles, and with up-regulation of Bcl-xL and down-regulation of FLICE contributing jointly to preventing cells from undergoing oxidant-induced apoptosis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / genetics
  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / metabolism*
  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Apoptosis / genetics
  • Apoptosis / physiology
  • Caspase 8 / genetics
  • Caspase 8 / metabolism
  • Cell Hypoxia / genetics
  • Cell Hypoxia / physiology
  • Cell Line
  • DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase / genetics
  • DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase / metabolism*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Down-Regulation / genetics
  • Down-Regulation / physiology
  • Hepatocytes / metabolism*
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / adverse effects
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Oxidative Stress / genetics
  • Oxidative Stress / physiology
  • RNA / pharmacology
  • Reperfusion Injury / genetics
  • Reperfusion Injury / metabolism
  • Reperfusion Injury / prevention & control*
  • Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins
  • Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing, Transforming Protein 1
  • Superoxide Dismutase / genetics
  • Superoxide Dismutase / metabolism*
  • Up-Regulation / genetics
  • Up-Regulation / physiology*
  • bcl-X Protein / genetics
  • bcl-X Protein / metabolism*

Substances

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
  • Bcl2l1 protein, mouse
  • Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins
  • Shc1 protein, mouse
  • Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing, Transforming Protein 1
  • bcl-X Protein
  • RNA
  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • Superoxide Dismutase
  • Casp8 protein, mouse
  • Caspase 8
  • Apex1 protein, mouse
  • DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase