Background: Trichomonas vaginalis infection is associated with increased risks of adverse pregnancy outcome. Perinatal transmission of T vaginalis from an infected, untreated, pregnant woman to her female neonate can occur.
Case: A 22-year-old woman, gravida 3, para 2, with untreated trichomoniasis had an uncomplicated spontaneous vaginal delivery of a healthy female infant. At day of life 19 the newborn was diagnosed and treated for trichomoniasis. No evidence was found consistent with child sexual abuse.
Conclusion: Perinatal transmission of T vaginalis occurs rarely. Neonatal infection has medical and psychosocial implications. This outcome, albeit rare, should be a consideration in the decision regarding antenatal treatment of T vaginalis infection.