The methionine sulfoxide reductases: Catalysis and substrate specificities

Arch Biochem Biophys. 2008 Jun 15;474(2):266-73. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2008.02.007. Epub 2008 Feb 13.

Abstract

Oxidation of Met residues in proteins leads to the formation of methionine sulfoxides (MetSO). Methionine sulfoxide reductases (Msr) are ubiquitous enzymes, which catalyze the reduction of the sulfoxide function of the oxidized methionine residues. In vivo, the role of Msrs is described as essential in protecting cells against oxidative damages and to play a role in infection of cells by pathogenic bacteria. There exist two structurally-unrelated classes of Msrs, called MsrA and MsrB, with opposite stereoselectivity towards the S and R isomers of the sulfoxide function, respectively. Both Msrs present a similar three-step catalytic mechanism. The first step, called the reductase step, leads to the formation of a sulfenic acid on the catalytic Cys with the concomitant release of Met. In recent years, significant efforts have been made to characterize structural and molecular factors involved in the catalysis, in particular of the reductase step, and in structural specificities.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Catalysis
  • Cattle
  • Cysteine / metabolism*
  • Escherichia coli / enzymology
  • Kinetics
  • Methionine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Methionine / metabolism*
  • Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis / enzymology
  • Neisseria / enzymology
  • Oxidoreductases / chemistry
  • Oxidoreductases / metabolism*
  • Populus / enzymology
  • Substrate Specificity
  • Sulfhydryl Compounds / metabolism

Substances

  • Sulfhydryl Compounds
  • Methionine
  • Oxidoreductases
  • Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases
  • methionine sulfoxide reductase
  • Cysteine
  • methionine sulfoxide