Improving the status of elderly patients with diabetes mellitus is an important issue of gerontology and geriatrics. This work was aimed at the study of the effect of thymomimetic Vilon on the immune status and coagulation hemostasis in elderly patients with type I diabetes mellitus. It was found that the administration of Vilon as an addition to the complex therapy for this cohort of patients resulted in optimization of coagulation hemostasis, which was manifested in the increased content of natural anticoagulants: antithrombin III and protein C, as well as in the stimulation of fibrinolysis. In most cases Vilon reduced the dose of insulin necessary for the stabilization of carbohydrate metabolism. The content of T-helpers, T-dependent and non-T-dependent NK cells was reduced, and the level of active T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes and IgA was normalized, which points out the stabilizing effect of Vilon on the immune system and hemostasis.