Spathoside, a new cerebroside was isolated from the stem bark of Spathodea campanulata, besides known compounds (n-alkanes, linear aliphatic alcohols, sitosterol and their esters, beta-sitosterol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, oleanolic acid, pomolic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid and phenylethanol esters). The structures of the isolated compounds were established by spectroscopic studies. The antibacterial activity of the isolated compounds against a wide range of microorganisms was examined. They inhibited significantly the growth of some gram-positive and -negative bacteria.