Automated assay for plasma D-lactate by enzymatic spectrophotometric analysis with sample blank correction

Ann Clin Biochem. 2008 Mar;45(Pt 2):177-83. doi: 10.1258/acb.2007.007088.

Abstract

Background: D-lactate is essentially a product of bacterial metabolism, and its assessment in plasma has been mainly used to diagnose D-lactic acidosis in patients with short bowel syndrome. In the last few years, there has been growing interest in the use of subclinical elevations of D-lactate concentrations as a diagnostic tool in a variety of clinical conditions such as ischaemia, trauma or infection.

Methods: An endpoint enzymatic spectrophotometric assay to measure plasma D-lactate with a sample blank correction was validated on our routine clinical chemistry analyser (Olympus AU640). An ultrafiltration procedure was used in samples with a high L-lactate dehydrogenase (L-LDH) activity in order to avoid underestimation of the D-lactate concentration, when a sample blank was processed.

Results: The intra- and inter-assay imprecision were <5.1% and <13.3%, respectively and the mean recovery for the D-lactate assay was 95% (range 88-103%). Samples with L-LDH activity greater than 1500 IU/L required the use of ultrafiltration devices. Plasma D-lactate concentration in our 'non-diseased' paediatric population showed a non-Gaussian distribution--95th percentile equal to 19 micromol/L--and no difference based on gender or age was observed.

Conclusion: We have established an accurate, sensitive and precise routine assay for D-lactate measurement in plasma. The assay was used to formulate paediatric reference ranges and will be used to assist clinicians to evaluate 'D-lactate toxicity' in patients with a variety of conditions such as short bowel syndrome, small bowel transplantation and as an early marker of intestinal ischaemia.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Biological Assay
  • Humans
  • L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / metabolism*
  • Lactates / blood*
  • Reference Values
  • Short Bowel Syndrome / diagnosis
  • Spectrophotometry / methods*

Substances

  • Lactates
  • L-Lactate Dehydrogenase