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. 2008 Mar;14(3):505-8.
doi: 10.3201/eid1403.071064.

Leptospirosis-associated severe pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome, Salvador, Brazil

Edilane L Gouveia  1 , John Metcalfe, Ana Luiza F de Carvalho, Talita S F Aires, José Caetano Villasboas-Bisneto, Adriano Queirroz, Andréia C Santos, Kátia Salgado, Mitermayer G Reis, Albert I Ko
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Free PMC article

Leptospirosis-associated severe pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome, Salvador, Brazil

Edilane L Gouveia et al. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008 Mar.
Free PMC article

Abstract

We report the emergence of leptospirosis-associated severe pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome (SPHS) in slum communities in Salvador, Brazil. Although active surveillance did not identify SPHS before 2003, 47 cases were identified from 2003 through 2005; the case-fatality rate was 74%. By 2005, SPHS caused 55% of the deaths due to leptospirosis.

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Figure
Figure
Active hospital-based surveillance for leptospirosis in Salvador, Brazil, 2000–2005, including total number of suspected leptospirosis cases (A) and deaths (B) among case-patients. Case-patients with and without severe pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome are shown by black and gray bars, respectively.
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