This study aimed to assess alcohol use and alcohol consumption-related problems in different sociodemographic groups in a rural district in Vietnam. Interviews were completed between March 2004 and July 2004. The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) was applied to interview 3423 people, who were randomly selected in a rural district (1695 men and 1728 women). People who had an AUDIT score greater than 7 (in men) or greater than 5 (in women) were identified as having alcohol consumption-related problems. Prevalences and adjusted odds ratios of alcohol use and alcohol consumption-related problems were estimated for different subgroups of the population. Weekly and daily "binge drinking" among men were 5.7 and 3.6%, while binge drinking in women was virtually nonexistent. The prevalence of alcohol consumption-related problems was 25.5% among men and 0.7% among women. The differences between sociodemographic groups were not strong, but women who were separated, divorced, or widowed as well as those with higher education had significantly higher rates of alcohol consumption-related problems than married women and those with lower education. This study indicates an urgent need for alcohol intervention programs focused on men. However, further monitoring of alcohol use and problems among women is important to follow-up changes in consumption pattern. The study's limitations are discussed.