The dangers of false-positive and false-negative test results: false-positive results as a function of pretest probability

Clin Lab Med. 2008 Jun;28(2):305-19, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.cll.2007.12.009.

Abstract

This article focuses on the following key points of improving clinicians' use of laboratory tests: (1) laboratory tests are always imperfect, but some are much more imperfect than others; (2) limitations in human cognition compound the potential for misinterpretation of test results; (3) false-positive and false-negative laboratory results can lead to serious patient harm; and (4) judicious use of laboratory tests can help mitigate potential harm from spurious results.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Bayes Theorem*
  • Diagnostic Errors / prevention & control*
  • Diagnostic Errors / statistics & numerical data*
  • False Negative Reactions
  • False Positive Reactions
  • Humans
  • Laboratories / standards*