Gastroprotective activity of the chloroform extract of the roots from Arctium lappa L

J Pharm Pharmacol. 2008 Jun;60(6):795-801. doi: 10.1211/jpp.60.6.0016.

Abstract

Arctium lappa L. is used in folk medicine as a diuretic, depurative and digestive stimulant and in dermatological conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect and the possible mechanisms involved in the gastroprotective effects of a chloroform extract (CE) of the roots from A. lappa and its fractions. Oral pretreatment with CE (10, 30 and 100 mg kg(-1)) significantly reduced gastric lesions induced by ethanol by 61%, 70% and 76%, respectively. Oral administration of CE (100 mg kg(-1) per day for 7 days) reduced the chronic gastric ulceration induced by acetic acid by 52%. Intraduodenal CE (100, 300 and 600 mg kg(-1)) reduced the total acidity of gastric secretion by 22%, 22% and 33%, respectively, while i.p. administration (10, 30 and 100 mg kg(-1)) inhibited total acidity by 50%, 60% and 67%, respectively. In-vitro, CE inhibited H+, K+ -ATPase activity with an EC50 of 53 microgmL(-1) and fraction A (30 and 100 microgmL(-1)) reduced this by 48% and 89%, respectively. CE had no effect on gastrointestinal motility. CE (250 microgmL(-1)) and fraction B (100 and 250 microgmL(-1)) had free-radical scavenging ability, inhibiting 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical activity by 50%, 20% and 55%, respectively. Collectively, the results show that the CE protects animals from gastric lesions by reducing gastric acid secretion via inhibition of gastric H+, K+ -ATPase.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Ulcer Agents / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Ulcer Agents / pharmacology*
  • Arctium / chemistry*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Female
  • Free Radical Scavengers / administration & dosage
  • Free Radical Scavengers / pharmacology
  • Gastric Acid / metabolism
  • Gastric Mucosa / drug effects
  • Gastric Mucosa / metabolism
  • Gastrointestinal Motility / drug effects
  • Medicine, Traditional
  • Mice
  • Plant Extracts / administration & dosage
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
  • Plant Roots
  • Proton Pump Inhibitors
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Stomach Ulcer / prevention & control*

Substances

  • Anti-Ulcer Agents
  • Free Radical Scavengers
  • Plant Extracts
  • Proton Pump Inhibitors