Quantity and distribution of levator ani stretch during simulated vaginal childbirth

Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Aug;199(2):198.e1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2008.04.027. Epub 2008 Jun 2.

Abstract

Objective: The objective of the study was to develop a model of the female pelvic floor to study levator stretch during simulated childbirth.

Study design: Magnetic resonance data from an asymptomatic nulligravida were segmented into pelvic muscles and bones to create a simulation model. Stiffness estimates of lateral and anteroposterior levator attachments were varied to estimate the impact on levator stretch. A 9 cm sphere was passed through the pelvis, along the path of the vagina, simulating childbirth. Levator response was interpreted at 4 positions of the sphere, simulating fetal head descent. The levator was color mapped to display the stretch experienced.

Results: A maximum stretch ratio of 3.5 to 1 was seen in the posteriomedial puborectalis. Maximum stretch increased with increasing stiffness of lateral levator attachments.

Conclusion: Although preliminary, this work may help explain epidemiologic data regarding the pelvic floor impact of a first delivery. The models and simulation technique need refinement, but they may help study the effect of labor parameters on the pelvic floor.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Elasticity
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Models, Anatomic*
  • Muscle, Skeletal / physiology*
  • Parturition / physiology*
  • Pelvic Floor / physiology*
  • Pelvis / physiology
  • Pregnancy