Routine use of self-expanding venous cannulas for cardiopulmonary bypass: benefits and pitfalls in 100 consecutive cases

Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2008 Sep;34(3):635-40. doi: 10.1016/j.ejcts.2008.05.037. Epub 2008 Jul 16.

Abstract

Objective: Assess the performance of self-expanding venous cannulas for routine use in open-heart surgery.

Methods: Prospective study in 100 unselected consecutive patients undergoing open-heart surgery with either remote or central smart venous cannulation.

Results: The study focuses on the 76 consecutive adult patients (mean age 59.2+/-17.3 years; 60 males, 16 females) undergoing surgical procedures with total cardiopulmonary bypass for either valve procedures (42/76 patients=55.3%), ascending aorta and arch repair (20/76 patients=26.3%), coronary artery revascularization (13/76 patients=17.1%) or other procedures (11/76 patients=14.5%) with 14/76 patients (18.4%) undergoing redo surgery and 6/76 patients (7.9%) undergoing small access surgery. The mean pump flow achieved by gravity drainage alone accounted for 5.0+/-0.6l/min (=114% of target) in the entire study population (n=76) as compared to the calculated, theoretical pump flow of 4.4+/-0.5l/min (p<0.0001). For the femoral cannulation sub-group (n=35) pump flow achieved by gravity drainage alone accounted for 4.9+/-0.6l/min (=114% of target) as compared to the calculated theoretical pump flow of 4.3+/-0.4l/min (p<0.0001). The corresponding numbers for trans-subclavian cannulation (n=7) are 5.2+/-0.5l/min (111%) for the pump flow achieved by gravity drainage as compared to the theoretical target flow of 4.7+/-0.4l/min. For the central cannulation sub-group (n=34) mean flow achieved by gravity drainage with a self-expanding venous cannula accounted for 5.1+/-0.7l/min (=116% of target) as compared to the calculated theoretical flow of 4.4+/-0.6l/min (p<0.0001).

Conclusion: Full or more than target flow was achieved in 97% of the patients studied undergoing CPB with self-expanding venous cannulas and gravity drainage. Remote venous cannulation with self-expanding cannulas provides similar flows as central cannulation. Augmentation of venous return is no longer necessary.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cardiac Surgical Procedures / instrumentation
  • Cardiopulmonary Bypass / instrumentation*
  • Catheterization, Central Venous / instrumentation*
  • Catheterization, Peripheral / instrumentation*
  • Equipment Design
  • Female
  • Femoral Vein
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Reoperation
  • Subclavian Vein