The results of prospective study of the stage of vascular endothelium and neutrophil phagocytic activity (NPA) in patients with chronic calculous cholecystitis (CCC) in perioperative period, who had anxious depressive disturbances (ADD), were represented. 61 patients were examined 3 weeks before cholecystectomy (CE). Intensity of anxiety and depression, vegetative tonus, desquamated endotheliocytes (DE) in blood and phagocytosis degree were assessed. The patients were randomized into 2 groups. The patients of 1st group (n = 30) received antidepressant coaxil during perioperative period (6 weeks); 2nd group (the control) was composed of 31 patients and was treated without coaxil. In 1st group significant decrease in AAD and symptoms of vegetative dystonia (VD) in 3 weeks after CE was detected; number of DE in blood was considerable reduces, and NPA was significantly increased vs. control group. Correlation analysis made possible to show that the higher AAD and VD intensity, the more frequently epithelium desquamation was detected, and percentage of phagocytes was reduced at increase in DE in blood. Use of balanced antidepressant coaxil in perioperative period in CCC patients makes possible to reduce occurrence and intensity of AAD and VD after operation, improve vascular endothelium state, increase NPA and adaptive reserves of organism.